Cyber Fundamentals Block 1 Practice Exam

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• An IPv4 is written in groups of _______________ & how many bits?
• How many bits are in a single IPv4 octet?
• Which OSI layer is named 'Session'?
• What identifies a specific host on a network and can be assigned statically by an administrator or dynamically through a DHCP server?
• Which are the three ways IPv6 addresses can be written?
• IPv4 addresses are written as 32 binary bits in four groups of eight bits referred to as __________.
• Which statement best describes connection-oriented protocols?
• Which tool is used to identify and trace a specific cable within a bundle?
• The most common example of a PAN is ________, which uses 2.4 GHz for short-range wireless communication.
• What is the primary purpose of an IP address in a network?
• Difference of Potential refers to what?
• Commercial publications used in establishing networks and reviewed every five years are known as which standards?
• What is the range of Well-Known Ports?
• Which of the following is a typical benefit of Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable?
• Which AP type is managed by a Wireless LAN Controller for forwarding decisions?
• What is the formal term for the name that access points broadcast to identify a WLAN?
• What best defines a network node?
• What tool is appropriate to locate a single cable inside a large bundle?
• Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cables have which characteristics?
• Registered ports are in which range and are assigned by which organization?
• Which document provides and implements guidance and procedures on policies dictated by Air Force Policy Directive, DODIs, DODMs, and other policy documents?
• What is the primary use of the address range 127.0.0.0/8?
• Which AP type can operate without a central controller?
• IPv4 addresses are represented by which address format?
• Which OSI layers are encompassed within the TCP/IP Application Layer?
• Connectionless protocols are also known as _______ communications since ________ is involved.
• In a multi-digit number, which digit carries the most weight and is located at the leftmost position?
• What is a transient voltage?
• Which subsystem is responsible for establishing and maintaining an equipotential plane by interconnecting metallic paths?
• Which layer is responsible for end-to-end data transport between host interfaces?
• Which DoD framework is used to enforce security configurations across networks, servers, and devices and is commonly assessed using a viewer?
• Which identifier is used by client devices to select which wireless network to join?
• WiFi is based on which standards family?
• Cleaning all metal surfaces prior to bonding helps minimize which parameter?
• What is the maximum port number in the Well-Known Port range?
• What does EDSD stand for?
• What is the range of valid IPv4 addresses?
• Operating systems such as Windows and Linux are described as residing at which OSI layer in the provided material?
• What best describes Multifunction Access Point?
• MIL-STD is best described as which of the following?
• Who uses the first three classes of IP addresses?
• The WiFi standards used for wireless LAN are based on which IEEE standard family?
• What does SSID stand for and what does it identify?
• Which type of access point is installed without authorization on a secure company network?
• What does impedance refer to in electrical terms?
• Physical security requirements for a particular facility are primarily dependent on which of the following?
• Which statement best describes the TCP/IP Physical Layer's role?
• Grounding serves to activate protective devices such as fuses and circuit breakers.
• A Control Area requires what to gain access?
• Network Number identifies a specific network or tells what network the host belongs to.
• Which statement about a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) is accurate regarding its typical range?
• WiFi operates on which frequency bands?
• What is an access point (AP)?
• What term describes the total opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit, including resistance and reactance?
• What is the primary function of the Earth Electrode Subsystem in a facility's grounding system?
• What are the two possible statuses of a port?
• Protocols include NetBIOS names and SQL; to which layer do these protocols belong?
• IPv6 Addresses are composed of 8 groups of 4 ____________ digits
• What medium does a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) primarily use to join devices?
• What is the full form of MIL-STD?
• WMAN stands for which of the following?
• Total opposition to current flow within an electrical circuit is called _____________.
• Which layer addresses packets and translates IP addresses to MAC addresses, with routers operate at this layer?
• Which sequence lists the three types of ESD failure?
• Class E addresses are reserved for what?
• Which description best characterizes ZigBee networks?
• Which OSI layer is called the Presentation layer?
• Electrical impulses, light and radio signals are used to stream data on which OSI layer?
• Which address is a commonly used loopback address for testing?
• Which layer handles routing of packets between networks?
• Direct Permanent Bonding is typically exemplified by which process?
• Which OSI layer is responsible for end-to-end communication and error handling?
• In IPv6 addressing, which character is used to separate address segments?
• What is the typical coverage distance for a Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)?
• Preferred IPv6 Addressing Notation uses what separators?
• DHCP assigns dynamic IP addresses and uses which transport protocol?
• What best describes Autonomous Access Point?
• Which OSI layer ensures that information is reformatted back into the original format?
• Which pair correctly matches a TCP/IP layer with its primary function?
• Which of the following is a valid public Class B IPv4 address?
• Which layer is described as creating frames that move across the network and using MAC addresses to identify devices?
• In multipoint signal reference subsystems, bonding equipment cabinets to a common interior sheet or grid serves which purpose?
• Which scenario would typically require a No-Lone Zone?
• STIG Category 2 vulnerabilities are defined as those with potential loss of confidentiality, availability, or integrity.
• DNS translates domain names into IP addresses and is characterized by which transport protocol?
• No-Lone Zone rule?
• Dynamic, Private or Ephemeral Ports are used for what purpose?
• How are STIGs typically viewed within organizations?
• What is NOT one of the configurations found in the T-568A/B pin out standard?
• Which term refers to measures designed to deter, detect, report and react against threats?
• What are two ways to minimize impedance in bonding?
• Catastrophic Failure is defined as?
• What is the goal of bonding?
• Which statement best characterizes Direct Permanent Bonding?
• Which layer is responsible for node-to-node delivery of the message and includes MAC and LLC sub-layers?
• SMTP operates in which OSI layers according to the described model?
• True or False: The application layer is the farthest from the end user.
• The first thing you should be aware of when troubleshooting a problem is that the symptoms are not the problem.
• In IPv6 addressing, the first 64 bits represent which part of the address?
• What is an IP address?
• Which layer handles encryption and data compression?
• In a multi-digit number, which digit carries the least weight and is furthest to the right?
• By superimposing information onto an RF Carrier, ___________increases power and range of the signal.
• MSRS stands for which subsystem?
• HTTP is a protocol used to visit websites and operates at which TCP/IP layer?
• Grounding prevents transient voltages from reaching damaging levels.
• Which statement about the binary number system is correct?
• Which statement about wireless networks is true?
• What is the main purpose of Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) controls?
• The Alert function in a Network Monitoring System can be configured with a Time element or a Blackout period.
• How many layers are in the OSI model?
• What does STIG stand for in cybersecurity?
• Which layer is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and terminating connections between applications on different devices?
• Which layer includes ARP, RIP, IPv4 and IPv6?
• Class A IPv4 Addresses are used for large networks as it supports the ___________ number of hosts.
• Which document implements policy established in a DODD?
• Which best describes User Datagram Protocol (UDP) in relation to data delivery?
• Which statement best describes Direct Permanent Bonding durability?
• In the Equipment Fault Protective Subsystem, these devices are used to provide protection against high voltages.
• An IPv4 address is ________ bits long.
• By superimposing information onto an RF carrier, which option is said to increase power and range according to the material?
• Which term represents the formal identifier used by both access points and clients to refer to a WLAN?
• What is the interface between software applications and the network called in the TCP/IP model?
• Some devices on a wireless network may also be connected using Ethernet cables.
• Which term describes metal surfaces rigidly held together by bolts, lock-washers, nuts, pins, clamps, or other devices?
• Which statement best describes a wireless ad-hoc network?
• What type of address is used in the ID of the BSS (basic service set)?
• In Wi-Fi terminology, what is the official name of the label that identifies a specific network?
• What are two recommended practices to minimize impedance when bonding?
• What is Li-Fi?
• Which layers are considered the Lower Layers of the OSI Model?
• Which OSI layer is directly below the Transport layer?
• Which professional association collaborates to create best practices for technology?
• Which network type connects devices in very close proximity (about 10 meters) and consumes less power?
• MIL-STD details which aspect of product development?
• What is the total number of bits in an IPv6 address?
• Which layer coordinates the data transfer between end systems and hosts and includes TCP and UDP?
• Which device is used to check for fiber breaks by analyzing reflected light patterns?
• In which step of troubleshooting methodology do you record problem findings and solutions for future use?
• Which statement best describes the role of private IP addresses?
• Which layer is responsible for creating frames that move across the network and uses MAC addresses?
• The Equipment Fault Protective Subsystem is also commonly known as what?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of STIGs in DoD cybersecurity?
• Which of the following lists all types of bonding?
• The subscript of a number identifies the numbering system being used and is often called the _____________ or base.
• Which protocol operates at the Application Layer?
• When attempting to identify the problem, you should try to obtain the information you need from which sources?
• Which protocol is described as a connectionless, datagram communication protocol prioritizing speed over reliability?
• Which description best describes WiMAX?
• Which document establishes policy and may provide general procedures for implementing policy?
• Affected equipment will sometimes work correctly and sometimes not describes what type of ESD damage?
• In facility security requirements, your main role is knowing the requirements for your unit of assignment and ______.
• ________ are easier to jam than spread spectrum signals and transmit on one set frequency
• Which of the following is a valid IPv6 address using Compressed Addressing?
• Which Class network is for small networks and uses the first 3 octets of its IP address to ID the network number?
• __________ ports are assigned by IANA to specific applications services used by a requesting entity.
• What best describes Lightweight Access Point?
• Which term should be used as the official label to identify a specific WLAN in device settings?
• Well-Known ports are also known as which kind of ports?
• What is the fourth layer of the OSI model?
• What is the purpose of IPv4 address in dotted decimal notation?
• Which command displays and allows editing of the local system's routing table?
• Private IP addresses are used to
• The sublayer that handles frame synchronization, flow control and error checking is which?
• Which frequency band is commonly used by Bluetooth in PAN?
• The sublayer that controls how a computer on the network obtains access to data and gains permission to transmit it is which?
• Which of the following is NOT a proper handling precaution for Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive items (PICK ONE)?
• Which port range is typically associated with standard services such as HTTP, FTP, and SSH?
• Which organization publishes consensus-based standards for Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) products?
• Which organization publishes industry standards used in designing and installing networks and is reviewed every 5 years?
• In a typical wireless network, which device centralizes wireless connectivity by bridging wireless clients to the wired network?
• Bonds between unlike metals are highly susceptible to what?
• AFI's are intended for use by which groups?
• Which protocol is listed as an example under the TCP/IP Application Layer?
• How many wires are found in Unshielded and Shielded twisted pair cable?
• A restricted area is restricted by requiring both a special access badge and _______________.
• Which term is the formal name for the network identifier used in Wi-Fi standards?
• Which of these is NOT an attribute of fiber-optic cables?
• Which statement NOT true about port ranges?
• What does the Facility Ground System form?
• Which layer is associated with formatting data for display across diverse systems?
• Which of the following is a valid IPv4 address?
• A light meter is used to check what in a network?
• How are STIGs viewed in practice?
• Which statement correctly identifies the three port ranges used in TCP/IP networking?
• Which tool would you use on a job site to assess a wireless network's signal strength and interference?
• Which statement is a disadvantage of a wireless network?
• The Facility Ground System forms a direct low impedance path...
• What is the role of the Department of Defense Manual (DODM's)?
• Hexadecimal: Which statement describes the hexadecimal number system?
• STIG Category 3 vulnerabilities are defined as those that degrade protection measures against loss of confidentiality, availability or integrity.
• Class A addresses are designed for large networks. What is the typical range for the first octet?
• Which of the following is an example of Active Measures?
• Class B addresses are designed for which size networks?
• Which document provides guidance and procedures on policies dictated by Air Force Policy Directive, DODIs, DODMs, and other policy documents?
• Which is NOT a listed type of ESD failure?
• What is the most common type of signal reference subsystem?
• _________ are consensus-based industry standards for a wide variety of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) products.
• Which statement correctly describes an IPv4 address octet?
• Class D addresses are reserved for what?
• Which devices in the electrical protection system are designed to interrupt power quickly during faults?
• If you wanted to observe the frames on the network, what should you use?
• In the TCP/IP model, HTTP primarily operates at which layer?
• What is a conductive path between the earth and a grounded object?
• Which term is the formal name for the network you select when connecting to Wi-Fi?
• What is the function of the Route command in a computer's networking toolkit?
• Which statement best describes the TCP/IP Transport Layer?
• What is latent failure?
• What is the foundation of the modern internet, including the set of protocols that govern data transfer and reception?
• Which of the following is an example that would require a No-Lone Zone?
• ________ is used when speed is of primary importance.
• Which statement describes the decimal number system?
• Root cause analysis focuses on problem prevention rather than "putting out fires" by just treating the symptoms.
• What is the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) described as?
• Which organization is responsible for allocating global IP address blocks?
• Where are all Air Force publications that cover safety located?
• DHCP uses which transport protocol to automatically assign IP addresses?
• What term describes a virtual path used to send and receive data between two applications on a network?
• Autonomous access points have all software required to manage WLANs with no need for controllers or switches.
• Which of the following is an example of a Control Area?
• Triboelectricity refers to static electricity present with no current flow?
• Which layer adds the source and destination IP addresses to data?
• Which layers are considered the Upper Layers of the OSI Model?
• Which of the following is NOT a basic function of Network Monitoring Systems?
• IPv6 addresses are comprised of two 64-bit parts and contain how many groups of four hexadecimal digits?
• What is the primary function of Department of Defense Instructions (DODI's)?
• How many groups are there in an IPv6 address?
• Which statement about Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) grounding is true?
• Which term is the formal name for the network identifier that clients look for when joining a WLAN?
• Bluetooth transmissions operate in which frequency band?
• The Presentation Layer of the OSI model supports data formats such as ASCII, TIFF, GIF, MPEG, and MIDI. Which option lists these formats?
• STIG Category 1 vulnerabilities are defined as those that cause direct and immediate loss of confidentiality, availability, or integrity. Which category label corresponds to this definition?
• The Data Link Layer/Layer 2 of the TCP/IP Suite is responsible for creating _______ that move across the network.
• Which practice minimizes damage to Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive items during handling?
• Which OSI layer handles end-to-end communication control and error handling?
• Wiremaps and Delay skew are advanced features of Connectivity Test Sets: True or False?
• _____________ is set by creating areas limiting access and is done using both active and passive control measures.
• Which list correctly represents the five layers of the TCP/IP model, from top to bottom?
• Which statement about wireless transmissions is false?
• Which term describes the standardization of security protocols within DoD cybersecurity to ensure uniform policy implementation?
• Which statement accurately describes the Internet Protocol (IP) in a TCP/IP network?
• What format is used to represent an IPv4 address in human-readable form?
• Which of the following is an alias for Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)?
• In multipoint signal reference subsystems, equipment cabinets are commonly bonded to a common interior sheet or grid.
• What term refers to the unique name of a WLAN?
• What is the primary method used to limit access to restricted areas, combining badge checks with purpose-based authorization?
• Which type of IP addresses are reserved specifically for private/internal use to extend a network's size?
• What is the third layer of the OSI model?
• Which description best illustrates a typical MSRS network arrangement?
• MSRS stands for which subsystem?
• What is a Publication?
• Well-Known ports, also known as system ports, range from:
• IP addresses use 8 bits in each octet, with each octet represented with a decimal value between 0 and ___________.
• What are the three main functions of grounding?
• In bonding, corrosion is described as impedance introduced to the bond, usually occurs with bonds of unlike metals.
• What type of connection does the Physical Layer provide to the network?
• Which statement best describes Passive Measures in security?
• Class D addresses are reserved for what purpose?
• Which statement best describes Class E addresses?
• Which range represents loopback addresses commonly used for troubleshooting, testing, and debugging?
• What does BSSID identify within a WLAN?
• What is the range for Dynamic, Private or Ephemeral Ports?
• Class C networks are used for small networks because it supports the smallest number of hosts.
• Which statement is true about Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive Devices (EDSD)?
• Immediate and total failure of the affected equipment describes what type of ESD damage?
• Which class uses first two bits 10 in the first octet?
• Who assigns port numbers on the Internet?
• Which OSI layer is closest to the application in the OSI model?
• Which AP type combines access point, switch, and router functionality in one device?
• Which device connects to a wired router or switch and is the most important element in a wireless network?
• What is your main role regarding facility security requirements?
• Guaranteed delivery of information would best describe which type of protocol?
• What is the official term for the network's label that distinguishes one WLAN from another?
• How many octets are in an IPv4 address?
• Which of the following is one of the four physical security requirements?
• Which type of access point is unauthorized and can pose a security risk?
• Which is NOT one of the four common types of wireless access points?
• Triboelectricity is defined as?
• A transient voltage is defined as
• What does Workstation and Personnel Grounding involve?
• Establishment of a low-impedance path between two metal surfaces describes what?
• _________ are more difficult to jam than fixed frequency signals and transmit across a broad frequency bandwidth.
• What is the sudden electric flow between two electrically charged surfaces?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of the Facility Ground System?
• Which layer provides an interface for applications to access network services?
• What is the most well-known protocol suite?
• ESSID stands for which of the following?
• What is the range for Registered/User Ports?
• HTTP is described as operating in the Application, Presentation, and Session layers of the OSI model. In the TCP/IP model, this places HTTP in which layer?
• Physical Security is described as?
• Which is NOT a benefit of using Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable?
• Which DoD standard is a cybersecurity methodology for standardizing security protocols within networks, servers, computers and logical designs and is managed by DISA?
• How many total bits are in an IPv4 address?
• While there are many different protocols used in the Application Layer of the TCP/IP Suite, ______ is the most used.
• Which statement about UDP is false?
• A defense standard that establishes uniform engineering and technical requirements for military-unique or substantially modified commercial processes, procedures, practices and methods is called what?
• Which organization manages Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIGs)?
• Which statement is an advantage of a wireless network?
• What is the typical security risk associated with a rogue access point?
• Which NMS function provides real-time and historical network status reporting?
• How many groups are in a standard IPv6 address?
• Who assigns the network block at the global level in IP addressing?
• Which tool would you use to test a Wi-Fi signal's strength on a job site?
• RIP exchanges routing information using which method?
• Which term represents the network name used to identify a WLAN for connection?
• Which term is the official name used by standards to distinguish one WLAN from another in lists of available networks?
• Which document consists of procedures that usually contains examples for performing specific tasks, may be separated into volumes, and may contain a policy section?
• Which term denotes the plane formed when cabinets and racks are bonded to a common interior metal sheet to ensure a uniform potential?
• Which of the following is a feature of the Transmission Control Protocol?
• What is the correct order of the seven OSI model layers from the top (closest to the end user) to the bottom?
• Bonding is the establishment of a low-__________ path between metal surfaces.
• Which document would you consult for general procedures implementing policy?
• IAW IEEE 802.11, a/an ______ refers to a collection of wireless networking devices with the same parameters.
• A/An ________ looks for signatures of known attacks or deviations from normal activity.
• Which device at the edge of a wireless network provides access to the wired network?
• DNS translates domain names into IP addresses and uses which transport protocol?
• Which of the following is NOT a component of the Facility Ground System?
• What is the canonical label assigned to a wireless network for client connections?
• Which type of network relies on both wireless and wired signals?
• An ____________ is formed when equipment cabinets, racks, etc. are bonded to a common interior metal sheet or grid.
• Which tool is used to secure or reseal copper cable ends?
• What is the radix in numeral systems?
• Which organization publishes consensus-based standards for Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) products?
• Which phrase describes the name that is broadcast by an access point to allow clients to connect?
• What is a defining attribute of Class A addresses in the first octet?
• Which statement about FTP is true?
• What is grounding defined as in electrical systems?
• AFIs are like DODIs but are written for members of the US Air Force and are intended for use by active duty, guard, and reserve members, associated civilians and _________________ who must abide by their Statement of Work.
• The Data Link Layer is responsible for creating which data unit that moves across the network?
• Which layer sits directly above the Data Link layer in the OSI model?
• How many channels are used by Bluetooth (WPAN) radio transmissions?
• Issurances refer to which of the following concepts?
• Which layer handles end-to-end data delivery via logical addressing and port numbers in the TCP/IP model?
• Which number system uses digits 0-9 with base 10?
• Which bonding method is used for doors and equipment that move often?
• Web browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, and Edge operate at which OSI layer?
• Which protocol is used to map a network layer IP address to a MAC address?
• Which OSI layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates connections between applications on each host?
• ________ ports are a part of TCP/IP networking and are used by computers and routers to manage network traffic.
• Being the first step in troubleshooting methodology, this is where you find what is causing the symptoms to manifest.
• When an indirect bond is required, what is preferred except where vibration is a problem?
• In standard terminology, what is the formal name for the visible network label you select in a Wi-Fi scan?
• Which layer is closest to the end user?
• Which term describes communications that do not require a pre-established end-to-end connection?
• Which device operates at the Data Link Layer?
• Which layer is responsible for packaging data into packets and adding source and destination IP addresses?
• Which type of bond is generally welded or brazed and is expected to remain intact for the life of the system?
• In a network with Lightweight Access Points, who makes forwarding decisions?
• What does CSMA/CA stand for in wireless networks?
• Which statement best describes the T-568A/B pinout standard?
• Which NMS function provides the visual representation of network topology?
• The layer that translates information into a format both sender and receiver understand is which?
• To check for a break in a fiber line, which device would you use?
• Connectivity test sets use a series of queries to test for what?
• Mixed IPv6 Addressing is useful in environments using which address types?
• Which term describes the practice of connecting conductors to create a low impedance path between metal surfaces?
• Restricted Area requires what?
• Which of the following are the three control measures of Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)?
• Which layer creates the packets that move across the network and adds the source and destination IP addresses?
• Which organization maintains and assigns port numbers for specific usage?
• Intermittent Failure is defined as?
• Which documentation type is commonly organized into volumes and includes examples for performing tasks?
• Automatic Private IP Addressing applies when a host cannot obtain a DHCP lease. Which IPv4 range is used for APIPA?
• Binary: Which of the following statements correctly describes binary coding?
• Which practice minimizes impedance by metal selection?
• Which of the following items would you typically find as part of the Earth Electrode Subsystem?
• AFI guidance is intended for use by which groups?
• When troubleshooting a networking problem, which OSI layer is commonly checked to verify that cables are connected?
• Which item is an example of a Restricted Area?
• Which technology is designed for long-range wireless communication similar to Wi‑Fi?
• Which item is NOT a physical security requirement for a facility?
• List the seven OSI layers in order from bottom to top.
• A router is commonly referred to as a Layer 3 device. On which OSI layer does it reside?
• Which protocols are used by the Transport Layer to coordinate data transfer between end systems?
• Which of the following best defines a Rogue Access Point?
• Compressed IPv6 Addressing Notation uses what to represent runs of zeros, and how many times can it be used in an address?
• A Rogue access point is installed without authorization on a secure network.
• The OSI model defines a networking framework for implementing protocols in how many layers?
• Which NMS function is typically used to alert on threshold breaches?
• Which class has first octet range 128-191 and is used for intermediate-sized networks?
• SNMP is used to monitor and manage devices and typically runs over which transport protocol?
• What causes Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)?
• Which of the following items would you typically find as part of the Earth Electrode Subsystem?
• IP addresses in the range of 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 are reserved for _____________ testing and are not routable.
• Which of the following describes the component composition of the Facility Ground System?
• Which method is specifically recommended to reduce EMI by separating power and signal cables?
• Electrical Noise Reduction/EMI is described as
• Which type of access point does not make forwarding decisions and passes data to the Wireless LAN Controller (WLC)?
• What term describes the identifier you see when joining a network that contains multiple BSSs?
• What is the primary purpose of a network node?